Dev/Astra Linux
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Astra Linux Common Edition vs Astra Linux Special Edition[edit]
Astra Linux Common Edition[edit]
- Use hardened kernel.
- Enable console lock.
- Enable interpreter locks.
- Enable ufw firewall.
- Enable system limits.
- Disable ptrace capability.
- Disable non-execution bit setup.
- Enable password entry for sudo.
- System clock is set to local time.
- Enable autologin X session.
- Disable automatic network configuration.
- Install 32-bit bootloader.
Astra Linux Special Edition[edit]
- Enable ELF signature check.
- Disable non-execution bit setup.
- Use hardened kernel.
- Disable bootloader menu show up.
- Enable swap cleanup.
- Enable freeing regions on cleanup on EXT-paritions.
- Enable console lock.
- Enable interpreter locks.
- Enable ufw firewall.
- Enable system limits.
- Disable ptrace capability.
- Disable automatic network configuration.
- Install 32-bit bootloader.
Diff[edit]
0a1,2 > * Enable ELF signature check. > * Disable non-execution bit setup. 1a4,6 > * Disable bootloader menu show up. > * Enable swap cleanup. > * Enable freeing regions on cleanup on EXT-paritions. 7,10d11 < * Disable non-execution bit setup. < * Enable password entry for sudo. < * System clock is set to local time. < * Enable autologin X session
/etc/apt/sources.list.d drop-in folder[edit]
- Astra Common Edition: nothing there
- Astra Special Edition: nothing there
Package Recompliation[edit]
Quote https://wiki.debian.org/Derivatives/Census/AstraLinux
[1]
rebuilds all Debian source packages, modifies some source packages and adds new packages
All packages? No, packages such as magic-wormhole are not installable.
Recompile for what purpose? Haven't found referenced if recompiled for what purpose.
Compile Hardening Flags[edit]
Seems there is no difference.
Astra Linux Special Edition.
bash ./checksec --file=/bin/sed RELRO STACK CANARY NX PIE RPATH RUNPATH Symbols FORTIFY Fortified Fortifiable FILE Partial RELRO Canary found NX enabled PIE enabled No RPATH No RUNPATH No Symbols Yes 4 11 /bin/sed
Debian buster.
checksec --file /bin/sed RELRO STACK CANARY NX PIE RPATH RUNPATH Symbols FORTIFY Fortified Fortifiable FILE Partial RELRO Canary found NX enabled PIE enabled No RPATH No RUNPATH No Symbols Yes 4 11 /bin/sed
Enable ELF signature check[edit]
Special Edition only.
All binaries seem to be signed. Made a test. Copied /bin/nano to /bin/nano-test. Tried to execute nano-test. Success. Then edited a textual string inside /bin/nano-test. Tried to execute it again. Segmentation fault.
References what ELF signatures are:
- https://manpages.debian.org/testing/bsign/bsign.1.en.html
- https://github.com/digsig-ng/bsign-mirror
- http://disec.sourceforge.net/
- https://tracker.debian.org/news/840861/removed-045-from-unstable/
- https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=857626
Another test. Install croc.
wget https://getcroc.schollz.com
mv index.html croc-installer
bash ./croc-installer
Installation was successful. Trying to execute it.
croc
That failed.
Segmentation fault
Systemd journal log showing DIGSIG error.
TODO
Could try to sign it.
bsign --sign /usr/local/bin/croc
But asks for passphrase which I don't know.
Disable[edit]
Can be disabled in /etc/digsig/digsig_initramfs.confby setting DIGSIG_ELF_MODE=0.
APT Repository[edit]
Number of Packages[edit]
Astra Linux Common Edition is said be be based on Debian stretch but its repository seems to contain less packages than Debian stretch repository.
Some packages found:
- python-pip
- git
Some packages missing:
- tor
Astra Linux Common Edition APT Repository with Debian APT Repository[edit]
Possible. Test wise installed the tor package.
Mix Astra Linux Special Edition with Astra Linux Common Edition APT Repository[edit]
Possible:
- with
Enable ELF signature check.in Astra Linux Special Edition installer: No. - otherwise: Yes.
Special Edition[edit]
noexec[edit]
Astra Special Edition:
touch scriptname
chmod +x scriptname
./scriptname
Permission denied. Using some kind of noexec in home.
But you can still use.
bash ./scriptname
user@astra:~$ touch /tmp/a user@astra:~$ chmod +x /tmp/a
chmod: changing permissions of '/tmp/a': Operation not permitted
Functional:
sudo chmod +x /tmp/a
root account[edit]
Is locked by default.
recovery mode boot option[edit]
Is broken by default due to locked root account.
tally[edit]
Locks user accounts after 7 wrong password entry attempts similar to security-misc by Kicksecure.
mount options[edit]
root@astra:~# mount
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime) proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime) udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=1990036k,nr_inodes=497509,mode=755) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000) tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,size=401328k,mode=755) /dev/xvda1 on / type ext4 (rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered) securityfs on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime) tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) tmpfs on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=5120k) tmpfs on /sys/fs/cgroup type tmpfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,mode=755) cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,xattr,release_agent=/lib/systemd/systemd-cgroups-agent,name=systemd) pstore on /sys/fs/pstore type pstore (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime) cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/rdma type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,rdma) cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/devices type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,devices) cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpu,cpuacct) cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/hugetlb type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,hugetlb) cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls,net_prio type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,net_cls,net_prio) cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,blkio) cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpuset) cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/pids type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,pids) cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/memory type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,memory) cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/perf_event type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,perf_event) cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,freezer) systemd-1 on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type autofs (rw,relatime,fd=29,pgrp=1,timeout=0,minproto=5,maxproto=5,direct) systemd-1 on /parsecfs type autofs (rw,relatime,fd=34,pgrp=1,timeout=0,minproto=5,maxproto=5,direct) mqueue on /dev/mqueue type mqueue (rw,relatime) /parsecfs on /parsecfs type parsecfs (rw,relatime,sync) debugfs on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw,relatime) binfmt_misc on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw,relatime) configfs on /sys/kernel/config type configfs (rw,relatime) fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw,relatime) tmpfs on /run/user/1000 type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=401324k,mode=700,uid=1000,gid=1000)
checksec kernel[edit]
Astra Linux Special Edition[edit]
sudo bash checksec --kernel
* Kernel protection information: Description - List the status of kernel protection mechanisms. Rather than inspect kernel mechanisms that may aid in the prevention of exploitation of userspace processes, this option lists the status of kernel configuration options that harden the kernel itself against attack. Kernel config: NOT FOUND
Kicksecure / Whonix[edit]
sudo checksec --kernel
Contains some false positives. Documented below.
* Kernel protection information:
Description - List the status of kernel protection mechanisms. Rather than
inspect kernel mechanisms that may aid in the prevention of exploitation of
userspace processes, this option lists the status of kernel configuration
options that harden the kernel itself against attack.
Kernel config:
/boot/config-4.19.0-6-amd64
Warning: The config on disk may not represent running kernel config!
Vanilla Kernel ASLR: Full
Protected symlinks: Enabled
Protected hardlinks: Enabled
Ipv4 reverse path filtering: Disabled
Ipv6 reverse path filtering: Disabled
Kernel heap randomization: Enabled
GCC stack protector support: Enabled
SLAB freelist randomization: Enabled
Virtually-mapped kernel stack: Enabled
Enforce read-only kernel data: Enabled
Enforce read-only module data: Enabled
Exec Shield: Disabled
Hardened Usercopy: Enabled
Hardened Usercopy Pagespan: Disabled
Harden str/mem functions: Enabled
Restrict /dev/mem access: Enabled
Restrict I/O access to /dev/mem: Enabled
Restrict /dev/kmem access: Enabled
* X86 only:
Address space layout randomization: Enabled
* SELinux: Disabled
SELinux infomation available here:
https://selinuxproject.org/page/Main_Page/
* grsecurity / PaX: No GRKERNSEC
The grsecurity / PaX patchset is available here:
https://grsecurity.net/
False-positives:
- Ipv4 reverse path filtering: Disabled
- Ipv6 reverse path filtering: Disabled
- Exec Shield: Disabled
- checksec bug report: https://github.com/slimm609/checksec.sh/issues/117
CONFIG_HARDENED_USERCOPY_PAGESPAN:
- Hardened Usercopy Pagespan: Disabled
- possibly false positive, created https://github.com/slimm609/checksec.sh/issues/122 for it
/boot[edit]
root@astra:~# ls -la /boot
total 112388 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Dec 5 09:35 . drwxr-xr-x 24 root root 4096 Dec 3 16:47 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 215474 Oct 24 2018 config-4.15.3-1-generic drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Dec 3 16:47 grub -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 46648441 Dec 3 16:48 initrd.img-4.15.3-1-generic -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 45729880 Dec 5 09:34 initrd.img-4.15.3-1-hardened -rw------- 1 root root 3976127 Oct 24 2018 System.map-4.15.3-1-generic -rw------- 1 root root 3193521 Oct 24 2018 System.map-4.15.3-1-hardened -rw------- 1 root root 8058736 Oct 24 2018 vmlinuz-4.15.3-1-generic -rw------- 1 root root 7235440 Oct 24 2018 vmlinuz-4.15.3-1-hardened
cat /proc/cmdline[edit]
cat /proc/cmdline
BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.15.3-1-hardened root=UUID=6c536f99-734f-4e8f-a683-71b52e7df7d3 ro parsec.max_ilev=63 quiet net.ifnames=0 ipv6.disable=1 slub_debug=P page_poison=1 slab_nomerge pti=on user.max_user_namespaces=0 kernel.kptr_restrict=1 vsyscall=none ipv6.disable=1
dpkg -l | grep astra-[edit]
dpkg -l | grep astra-
ii astra-extra 1.0-0.0 all Configuration Astra linux ii astra-safepolicy 1.0.62 all Global security policy checker ii astra-version 1.6 amd64 Update Astra version ii linux-astra-modules 4.15.3-1astra4 amd64 Non-free Astra Linux kernel modules ii linux-astra-modules-4.15.3-1-generic 4.15.3-1.astra25 amd64 Non-free Astra Linux kernel modules for version 4.15.3 on x86/x86_64 ii linux-astra-modules-4.15.3-1-hardened 4.15.3-1.astra25 amd64 Non-free Astra Linux kernel modules for version 4.15.3 on x86/x86_64 ii linux-astra-modules-common 4.15.3-1.astra25 all Common stuff 4 non-free Astra Linux kernel modules ii linux-astra-modules-generic 4.15.3-1astra4 amd64 Non-free Astra Linux kernel modules ii linux-astra-modules-hardened 4.15.3-1astra4 amd64 Non-free Astra Linux kernel modules
dpkg -l | grep smolensk-[edit]
dpkg -l | grep smolensk- ii smolensk-security 2.0.11 amd64 metapackage for security management console
dpkg -l | grep fly-[edit]
root@astra:~# dpkg -l | grep fly-
ii fly-admin-ald-client 0.2.4 amd64 ALD client GUI configution tool ii fly-admin-alternatives 1.1.5 amd64 Manage Debian alternatives ii fly-admin-autostart 0.2.8 amd64 Fly Autostart ii fly-admin-center 1.2.6 amd64 Control center ii fly-admin-cron 1.2.5 amd64 Cron management ii fly-admin-date 2.3.8 amd64 Date and time tool (for Desktop) ii fly-admin-date-helper 2.3.8 amd64 System DBus helper for Date and time tool ii fly-admin-device-manager 1.1.5 amd64 FLY admin device manager ii fly-admin-digsig 0.2.12 amd64 Digital signature manager ii fly-admin-dm 1.1.10 amd64 Configure fly-dm ii fly-admin-env 1.1.2 amd64 Fly Environment Variables Editor ii fly-admin-fonts 2.1.7 amd64 System fonts manager ii fly-admin-gmc 0.1.42 amd64 management console ii fly-admin-grub2 1.0.0 all GRUB2 editor ii fly-admin-int-check 1.4.4 amd64 tool for check system integrity for Fly Desktop ii fly-admin-iso 0.2.2 amd64 Utility for writing iso image to removable drive ii fly-admin-kiosk 1.3.3 amd64 System kiosk management application ii fly-admin-local 0.1.48 amd64 management console ii fly-admin-local-se 0.1.46 amd64 management console ii fly-admin-marker 2.1.5 amd64 Marker template editor for secure CUPS version ii fly-admin-mic 0.1.14 amd64 management console ii fly-admin-mouse 1.0.0 all Mouse settings ii fly-admin-policykit-1 1.2.3 amd64 PolicyKit-1 policies manager ii fly-admin-power 2.0.1 all Power settings ii fly-admin-printer 1.9.15 amd64 FlyDE printing system management ii fly-admin-printer-mac 1.7.6 amd64 FlyDE printing system management MAC support ii fly-admin-reflex 1.3.7 amd64 Fly hotplug event processing setup util ii fly-admin-screen 1.0.1 all Screen settings ii fly-admin-security-monitor 0.1.6 amd64 management console ii fly-admin-service 0.1.31 amd64 management console ii fly-admin-service-se 0.1.37 amd64 management console ii fly-admin-viewaudit 3.5.6 amd64 Parsec view audit control ii fly-admin-winprops 1.2.5 amd64 Configure window properties ii fly-admin-wm 2.4.16 amd64 fly-admin-wm - admin utils for Fly window manager ii fly-all-games 2.6.37se amd64 Dummy package to have all FLY games packages ii fly-all-main 2.6.37se amd64 Dummy package to have all FLY main packages ii fly-all-optional 2.6.37se amd64 Dummy package to have all FLY optional packages ii fly-all-qml 2.6.37se amd64 Dummy package to have all FLY qml packages ii fly-brightness 0.2.6 amd64 Fly brightness control ii fly-calc 2.0.9 amd64 Fly Calculator ii fly-camera 1.2.3 amd64 Fly Camera ii fly-contacts 2.0.9 amd64 Fly Contacts ii fly-data 2.4.44se all Data files (cursors, icon themes, etc.) for Fly desktop ii fly-data-mobile 1.0.4 amd64 Data files for Fly mobile session ii fly-date 1.0.8 amd64 Fly Date ii fly-dm 2.6.14se amd64 Fly Display Manager (service part) ii fly-fm 1.6.5.7 amd64 Fly desktop environment file manager ii fly-fm-audit 1.0.6 amd64 fly-fm audit plugin ii fly-fm-bsign 1.0.5 amd64 fly-fm bsign plugin ii fly-fm-crypt 1.2.0 amd64 fly-fm crypt plugin ii fly-fm-libs 1.6.5.7 amd64 Libraries for the Fly desktop environment file mananger ii fly-fm-mac 0.4.9 amd64 Parsec mac plugin ii fly-fm-searchfilters 1.6.5.7 all Search filters for the Fly desktop environment file mananger ii fly-fontconfig-settings 0.0.5 all fontconfig local settings for Fly Desktop ii fly-gallery 0.7.2 amd64 Fly Gallery ii fly-gps 1.0.9 amd64 Fly GPS ii fly-jobviewer 1.9.15 amd64 FlyDE printer queue viewer ii fly-launcher 1.5.2 amd64 Fly Launcher ii fly-launcher-libs 0.1.1 amd64 Fly Launcher Libraries ii fly-mac-dialog 0.12.15 amd64 MAClabel selecting dialog for Fly desktop ii fly-mail 2.0.12 amd64 Fly Mail ii fly-music 0.5.5 amd64 Fly Music ii fly-notes 2.0.11 amd64 Fly Notes ii fly-orientation 0.1.6 amd64 Application for controlling the orientation of the screen ii fly-pdfview 0.3.1 amd64 Fly PDF Viewer ii fly-phone-db-client 1.0.3 amd64 Fly Phone Database lib ii fly-phone-dbus 1.0.7 amd64 Fly Phone Dbus Notifier lib ii fly-phone-widgets 1.0.7 amd64 Fly Phone Desktop Widgets ii fly-plastique-style 1.1.4 amd64 FlyPlastique style for Qt4 ii fly-print-monitor 1.9.15 amd64 FlyDE printer monitor for system tray ii fly-qdm 2.4.22 amd64 Fly Display Manager (GUI part) ii fly-qml-components 1.1.3 amd64 Fly QML Components ii fly-qml-dialer 1.0.8 amd64 Fly Dialer ii fly-record 2.0.11 amd64 Fly Record ii fly-reflex 1.3.7 amd64 Fly hotplug event processing service ii fly-reflex-service 1.3.7 amd64 Fly hotplug event processing service ii fly-run 0.5.5 amd64 Fly Command Runner ii fly-run-sumac 1.1.6 amd64 sumac plugin for fly-run ii fly-scan 1.3.4 amd64 Fly Scanner Dialog ii fly-shutdown-dialog 1.0.23 amd64 fly-shutdown-dialog - shutdown dialog for Fly desktop ii fly-sms 1.0.9 amd64 Fly SMS ii fly-start-panel 2.4.5 amd64 Fly start panel and menu ii fly-su 0.2.9 amd64 Graphical su ii fly-system-monitor-widget 0.1.2 amd64 CPU load display widget ii fly-term 1.4.5 amd64 Fly Terminal Emulation ii fly-videocamera 1.2.3 amd64 Fly Webcam ii fly-vkbd 1.1.5 amd64 Virtual keyboard ii fly-weather 0.1.4 amd64 Fly Weather ii fly-winprops-service 1.2.5 amd64 Windows properties service ii fly-wm 2.17.51se1c amd64 fly-wm - Window Manager for Fly Desktop ii fly-wm-decor 2.17.51se1c amd64 fly-wm-decor - additional themes for for Fly Desktop ii fly-xkbmap 1.1.5 amd64 Keyboard layout setup ii libfly-admin-printer 1.9.15 amd64 FlyDE printing system management
Packages[edit]
astra-extra[edit]
Description: Configuration Astra linux
This deb-package configurate Astra linux after updates
apt-file list astra-extra
astra-extra: /boot/grub/splash.xpm.gz astra-extra: /usr/share/astra-extra/debian-logo.png astra-extra: /usr/share/astra-extra/star.png astra-extra: /usr/share/doc/astra-extra/changelog.Debian.gz astra-extra: /usr/share/doc/astra-extra/copyright
astra-safepolicy[edit]
Description: Global security policy checker
Package checks and sets security settings of the computer.
Conffiles: /etc/astra-safepolicy.conf /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-astra.conf /etc/sysctl.d/999-astra.conf
Next.
cat /etc/astra-safepolicy.conf
output:
CFG_GRUBPASS='' CFG_QUOTAS='' CFG_ULIMITS='' CFG_CRACKLEN='8' CFG_SECRM='' CFG_NCX='' CFG_IPT='' CFG_SWAPS='' CFG_TALLY='8'
Next.
cat /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-astra.conf
output:
# Astra blacklist blacklist ast blacklist mgag200
Next.
cat /etc/sysctl.d/999-astra.conf
output:
# Astra sysctl config kernel.sysrq = 0 fs.suid_dumpable = 0 kernel.randomize_va_space = 2 net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1 kernel.yama.ptrace_scope=3
astra-version[edit]
Description: Update Astra version
apt-file list astra-version
output:
astra-version: /usr/share/base-files/update/astra_version astra-version: /usr/share/base-files/update/lsb-release astra-version: /usr/share/base-files/update/os-release astra-version: /usr/share/doc/astra-version/changelog.gz astra-version: /usr/share/doc/astra-version/copyright
Next.
root@astra:~# cat /usr/share/base-files/update/astra_version SE 1.6 (smolensk) root@astra:~# cat /usr/share/base-files/update/lsb-release DISTRIB_ID="AstraLinux" DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Astra Linux 1.6 (Smolensk)" DISTRIB_RELEASE=1.6 DISTRIB_CODENAME=smolensk root@astra:~# cat /usr/share/base-files/update/os-release PRETTY_NAME="Astra Linux (Smolensk 1.6)" NAME="Astra Linux (Smolensk)" ID=astra ID_LIKE=debian ANSI_COLOR="1;31" HOME_URL="https://astralinux.ru" SUPPORT_URL="https://astralinux.ru/support" VARIANT_ID=smolensk VARIANT=Smolensk VERSION_ID=1.6 root@astra:~#
linux-astra-modules[edit]
Description: Non-free Astra Linux kernel modules
This package will always depend on the latest complete Astra Linux modules.
meta package
linux-astra-modules-generic[edit]
Description: Non-free Astra Linux kernel modules
This package will always depend on the latest complete Astra Linux modules.
meta package
linux-astra-modules-4.15.3-1-generic[edit]
apt-cache show linux-astra-modules-4.15.3-1-generic
snip
Description: Non-free Astra Linux kernel modules for version 4.15.3 on x86/x86_64 This package provides restricted modules for Linux version 4.15.3 on x86/x86_64. . These modules are "restricted" because they are not available under a completely Free licence.
next
root@astra:~# apt-file list linux-astra-modules-4.15.3-1-generic root@astra:~#
astra-nochmodx-module-4.15.3-1-hardened[edit]
Description: nochmodx kernel modules for version 4.15.3 on x86/x86_64 This package provides nochmodx modules for Linux version 4.15.3 on x86/x86_64. . These modules are "restricted" because they are not available under a completely Free licence.
astra-nochmodx-module-common[edit]
apt-cache show astra-nochmodx-module-common
Description: Common stuff for nochmodx kernel modules This package provides common stuff for nochmodx modules for Astra Linux CE. . These modules are "restricted" because they are not available under a completely Free licence.
parsec[edit]
Package: parsec Depends: libparsec-base2, libpdp, parsec-mac, parsec-aud, parsec-cap, parsec-log, parsec-tools, dpkg (>= 1.16.16astra.se0) Description: metapackage for PARSEC system This metapackage depends on all base PARSEC components. Package: parsec-tools Description: additional PARSEC system utilities This package contains additional PARSEC utilities. These utilities deal with several PARSEC subsystems simultaneously and so cannot be included to subsystem specific utilities package. Package: parsec-mac Conffiles: /etc/parsec/mac_categories bc1a3c7f33d982d8683336ca3d67c53c /etc/parsec/mac_levels 7aa5c6b6acf877a966c170ff7de44d85 /etc/parsec/mlinks d6dc284d34815fa61550996fc281e04c Description: mandate labels base utils for PARSEC security system This package contains the utilities to control PARSEC mandate labels. These utilities can set or get mandate labels for processes and files. It's a component of PARSEC security system. Package: parsec-aud Conffiles: /etc/parsec/audit 33a04c4633bc97d625e9fde1e28cb017 Description: audit base utils for PARSEC security system This package contains the utilities to control PARSEC security events audit. These utilities can set or get audit events for processes and files. It's a component of PARSEC security system. Package: parsec-log Conffiles: /etc/logrotate.d/parlogd.logrotate b4b35dbcb595c736ec27d70bd02f0f0e /etc/parsec/mlog/events_custom.conf 4bd7a4a18fe84c93698436c74de3fa42 /etc/parsec/mlog/events_user.conf f97aa3b797aa5250b7c86187e5df29b5 Description: audit log base utils for PARSEC security system This package contains PARSEC audit log files parser, system daemon for reliable audit message delivery. It creates kernel and user log files. It's a component of PARSEC security system. Package: parsec-cap Conffiles: /etc/parsec/privsock.conf 28745f9d4b6a46382ebed7183f579671 /etc/sudoers.d/zzz-parsec 2097e99bdf29360bf54bfc11a6167fa5 Description: capabilities base utils for PARSEC security system This package contains the utilities to control system capabilities (standard Linux capabilities and special PARSEC capabilities). It's a component of PARSEC security system.
smolensk-security[edit]
smolensk-security Depends: gmc-common, gmc-miscellaneous, fly-admin-gmc, fly-admin-local, gmc-miscellaneous-se, fly-admin-local-se, fly-admin-int-check, fly-admin-viewaudit, fly-admin-marker, fly-admin-mic, fly-admin-service, fly-admin-service-se, fly-admin-digsig, fly-admin-security-monitor Description: metapackage for security management console Metapackage for security management console.
ksysguard-mac[edit]
root@astra:~# apt-cache show ksysguard-mac Maintainer: Alexander Volkov <support@rusbitech.ru> Description: MAC plugin for ksysguard This package contains a plugin for a modified ksysguard that allows to show an additional info about processes, such as mandatory level and category, and integrity level.
kcm-grub2[edit]
root@astra:~# apt-cache show kcm-grub2 Package: kcm-grub2 Description: KDE Control Module for configuring the GRUB2 bootloader Smoothly integrated in KDE System Settings, it is the central place for managing your GRUB2 configuration. Supports many GRUB2 configuration options.
afick[edit]
Conffiles: /etc/afick.conf 6daf827d6d70c8e2be08b81338b8586b /etc/cron.daily/afick_cron 419fd1ca81d8ef852a2df1220db73c5b /etc/logrotate.d/afick 54a30fdfeb75ff39db1cd01aeea4fd03 Description: Another file integrity checker It allows to monitor the changes on your files systems, and so can detect intrusions. Description-md5: d9fe3b435153ac5a4a78c3c84a291ca0 Homepage: http://afick.sourceforge.net/
tasksel --list-tasks[edit]
u Base Base packages u Fly Fly desktop u Fly-qml Fly apps for working on devices with touchscreen u Internet Internet suite u Office Office suite u Features Astra Linux features u Database Databases u Fly-ssh SSH server u Fly-web Secure WEB server u Fly-virtualization Virtualization tools u Multimedia Multimedia
Files[edit]
empty
- /usr/lib/modules-load.d
- /etc/apt/sources.list.d
- /etc/apt/preferences.d
standard + trust CD ROM setting
- /etc/apt/apt.conf.d
kernel modules[edit]
grep /lib/modules[edit]
sudo grep -r -i rusbitech /lib/modules
output:
Binary file /lib/modules/4.15.3-1-generic/misc/parsec.ko matches Binary file /lib/modules/4.15.3-1-generic/misc/digsig_verif.ko matches Binary file /lib/modules/4.15.3-1-hardened/misc/parsec.ko matches Binary file /lib/modules/4.15.3-1-hardened/misc/digsig_verif.ko matches
Next.
sudo grep -r -i astra /lib/modules
output:
Binary file /lib/modules/4.15.3-1-generic/kernel/ubuntu/xr-usb-serial/xr_usb_serial_common.ko matches Binary file /lib/modules/4.15.3-1-generic/kernel/drivers/isdn/hardware/eicon/diva_mnt.ko matches Binary file /lib/modules/4.15.3-1-generic/kernel/drivers/usb/class/cdc-acm.ko matches Binary file /lib/modules/4.15.3-1-generic/misc/parsec-cifs.ko matches Binary file /lib/modules/4.15.3-1-hardened/kernel/ubuntu/xr-usb-serial/xr_usb_serial_common.ko matches Binary file /lib/modules/4.15.3-1-hardened/kernel/drivers/isdn/hardware/eicon/diva_mnt.ko matches Binary file /lib/modules/4.15.3-1-hardened/kernel/drivers/usb/class/cdc-acm.ko matches Binary file /lib/modules/4.15.3-1-hardened/misc/parsec-cifs.ko matches
parsec[edit]
sudo modinfo parsec
output:
filename: /lib/modules/4.15.3-1-hardened/misc/parsec.ko license: RusBiTech (c) srcversion: B52B5902B8DE1A3B73F51E0 depends: retpoline: Y name: parsec vermagic: 4.15.3-1-hardened SMP mod_unload modversions parm: max_ilev:Maximal integrity level (uint) parm: reset_ilev_on_chroot:Reset Label on chroot()/pivot_root() (bool) parm: noload_files:Reject load modules at low integrity level (bool) parm: ccnr_reject:Disallow root to set CCNR* flags (bool) parm: ccnr_relax:CCNR relax (bool) parm: enable_exec_on_fuse:Enable to execute files from FUSE (bool)
parsec-cifs[edit]
sudo modinfo parsec-cifs
output
filename: /lib/modules/4.15.3-1-hardened/misc/parsec-cifs.ko softdep: pre: ccm softdep: pre: aead2 softdep: pre: sha256 softdep: pre: cmac softdep: pre: aes softdep: pre: nls softdep: pre: md5 softdep: pre: md4 softdep: pre: hmac softdep: pre: ecb softdep: pre: des softdep: pre: arc4 softdep: pre: parsec version: 2.10 description: VFS to access servers complying with the SNIA CIFS Specification e.g. Samba and Windows license: GPL author: Steve French <sfrench@us.ibm.com> alias: fs-cifs srcversion: 013CF28D0310D01121F08C9 depends: fscache,parsec retpoline: Y name: parsec_cifs vermagic: 4.15.3-1-hardened SMP mod_unload modversions parm: CIFSMaxBufSize:Network buffer size (not including header). Default: 16384 Range: 8192 to 130048 (uint) parm: cifs_min_rcv:Network buffers in pool. Default: 4 Range: 1 to 64 (uint) parm: cifs_min_small:Small network buffers in pool. Default: 30 Range: 2 to 256 (uint) parm: cifs_max_pending:Simultaneous requests to server. Default: 32767 Range: 2 to 32767. (uint) parm: enable_oplocks:Enable or disable oplocks. Default: y/Y/1 (bool)
digsig_verif[edit]
sudo modinfo digsig_verif
output:
filename: /lib/modules/4.15.3-1-hardened/misc/digsig_verif.ko author: DIGSIG Team. Rusbitech support@rusbitech.ru description: Distributed Security Infrastructure Module license: GPL srcversion: CCFE23AF0D192900B8313F3 depends: retpoline: Y name: digsig_verif vermagic: 4.15.3-1-hardened SMP mod_unload modversions parm: dsi_cache_buckets:Number of cache buckets for signatures validations. (int) parm: elf_mode:Enforce Digsig restriction for elf (2=debug). (int) parm: xattr_mode:Enforce Digsig restriction for xattr (2=debug). (int) parm: ignore_xattr_keys:Ignore XATTR user keys. (int) parm: ignore_i_mode:Ignore files if (inode i_mode & ignore_i_mode). (int) parm: ignore_gost2001:Ignore obsolete GOST R34.10-2001 signatures (int)
lsmod[edit]
root@astra:~# lsmod
Module Size Used by bluetooth 360448 2 ecdh_generic 24576 1 bluetooth intel_rapl 20480 0 crct10dif_pclmul 16384 0 crc32_pclmul 16384 0 ghash_clmulni_intel 16384 0 pcbc 16384 0 aesni_intel 188416 0 aes_x86_64 20480 1 aesni_intel crypto_simd 16384 1 aesni_intel glue_helper 16384 1 aesni_intel cryptd 24576 3 crypto_simd,ghash_clmulni_intel,aesni_intel intel_rapl_perf 16384 0 joydev 20480 0 input_leds 16384 0 serio_raw 16384 0 mac_hid 16384 0 parport_pc 32768 0 binfmt_misc 16384 1 ppdev 20480 0 lp 20480 0 parport 49152 3 parport_pc,lp,ppdev ip_tables 28672 0 x_tables 40960 1 ip_tables autofs4 36864 3 hid_generic 16384 0 usbhid 49152 0 hid 118784 2 usbhid,hid_generic psmouse 131072 0 floppy 77824 0 i2c_piix4 20480 0 pata_acpi 16384 0 parsec 159744 2 digsig_verif 491520 0
systemctl list-units[edit]
root@astra:~# systemctl --no-pager --full list-units
UNIT LOAD ACTIVE SUB DESCRIPTION parsecfs.automount loaded active running Automount PARSEC File System proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.automount loaded active running Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System Automount Point sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS0.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS0 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS1.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS1 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS10.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS10 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS11.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS11 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS12.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS12 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS13.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS13 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS14.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS14 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS15.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS15 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS16.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS16 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS17.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS17 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS18.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS18 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS19.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS19 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS2.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS2 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS20.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS20 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS21.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS21 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS22.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS22 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS23.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS23 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS24.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS24 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS25.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS25 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS26.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS26 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS27.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS27 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS28.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS28 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS29.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS29 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS3.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS3 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS30.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS30 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS31.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS31 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS4.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS4 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS5.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS5 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS6.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS6 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS7.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS7 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS8.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS8 sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS9.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS9 sys-devices-vbd\x2d51712-block-xvda-xvda1.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/vbd-51712/block/xvda/xvda1 sys-devices-vbd\x2d51712-block-xvda-xvda2.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/vbd-51712/block/xvda/xvda2 sys-devices-vbd\x2d51712-block-xvda-xvda5.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/vbd-51712/block/xvda/xvda5 sys-devices-vbd\x2d51712-block-xvda.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/vbd-51712/block/xvda sys-devices-vbd\x2d51728-block-xvdb.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/vbd-51728/block/xvdb sys-devices-vbd\x2d51744-block-xvdc.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/vbd-51744/block/xvdc sys-devices-vif\x2d0-net-eth0.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/vif-0/net/eth0 sys-devices-virtual-misc-rfkill.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/virtual/misc/rfkill sys-devices-virtual-tty-hvc0.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/virtual/tty/hvc0 sys-devices-virtual-tty-hvc1.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/virtual/tty/hvc1 sys-devices-virtual-tty-hvc2.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/virtual/tty/hvc2 sys-devices-virtual-tty-hvc3.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/virtual/tty/hvc3 sys-devices-virtual-tty-hvc4.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/virtual/tty/hvc4 sys-devices-virtual-tty-hvc5.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/virtual/tty/hvc5 sys-devices-virtual-tty-hvc6.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/virtual/tty/hvc6 sys-devices-virtual-tty-hvc7.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/virtual/tty/hvc7 sys-devices-virtual-tty-ttyprintk.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/virtual/tty/ttyprintk sys-module-configfs.device loaded active plugged /sys/module/configfs sys-module-fuse.device loaded active plugged /sys/module/fuse sys-subsystem-net-devices-eth0.device loaded active plugged /sys/subsystem/net/devices/eth0 -.mount loaded active mounted Root Mount dev-mqueue.mount loaded active mounted POSIX Message Queue File System parsecfs.mount loaded active mounted PARSEC File System proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.mount loaded active mounted Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System run-user-1000.mount loaded active mounted /run/user/1000 sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount loaded active mounted FUSE Control File System sys-kernel-config.mount loaded active mounted Configuration File System sys-kernel-debug.mount loaded active mounted Debug File System acpid.path loaded active running ACPI Events Check cups.path loaded active running CUPS Scheduler systemd-ask-password-plymouth.path loaded active waiting Forward Password Requests to Plymouth Directory Watch systemd-ask-password-wall.path loaded active waiting Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory Watch init.scope loaded active running System and Service Manager session-2.scope loaded active running Session 2 of user user session-5.scope loaded active running Session 5 of user user acpi-support.service loaded active exited LSB: Start some power management scripts acpid.service loaded active running ACPI event daemon avahi-daemon.service loaded active running Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack console-setup.service loaded active exited Set console font and keymap cron.service loaded active running Regular background program processing daemon cups.service loaded active running CUPS Scheduler dbus.service loaded active running D-Bus System Message Bus fly-dm.service loaded active running The FLY login manager getty@tty1.service loaded active running Getty on tty1 keyboard-setup.service loaded active exited Set the console keyboard layout kmod-static-nodes.service loaded active exited Create list of required static device nodes for the current kernel libflygetexe-bin.service loaded active running The FLY get exec service networking.service loaded active exited Raise network interfaces NetworkManager-wait-online.service loaded active exited Network Manager Wait Online NetworkManager.service loaded active running Network Manager nscd.service loaded active running Name Service Cache Daemon nslcd.service loaded active running LSB: LDAP connection daemon ofono.service loaded active running oFono Mobile telephony stack parlogd.service loaded active running PARSec events logging daemon parsec.service loaded active exited Intitialize Parsec Subsystem polkit.service loaded active running Authorization Manager quota.service loaded active exited Initial Check File System Quotas rpcbind.service loaded active running RPC bind portmap service rsyslog.service loaded active running System Logging Service serial-getty@hvc0.service loaded active running Serial Getty on hvc0 ssh.service loaded active running OpenBSD Secure Shell server swap-wiper.service loaded active exited Swap Wiper systemd-binfmt.service loaded active exited Set Up Additional Binary Formats systemd-journal-flush.service loaded active exited Flush Journal to Persistent Storage systemd-journald.service loaded active running Journal Service systemd-logind.service loaded active running Login Service systemd-modules-load.service loaded active exited Load Kernel Modules systemd-random-seed.service loaded active exited Load/Save Random Seed systemd-remount-fs.service loaded active exited Remount Root and Kernel File Systems systemd-sysctl.service loaded active exited Apply Kernel Variables systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service loaded active exited Create Static Device Nodes in /dev systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service loaded active exited Create Volatile Files and Directories systemd-udev-trigger.service loaded active exited udev Coldplug all Devices systemd-udevd.service loaded active running udev Kernel Device Manager systemd-update-utmp.service loaded active exited Update UTMP about System Boot/Shutdown systemd-user-sessions.service loaded active exited Permit User Sessions udisks2.service loaded active running Disk Manager ufw.service loaded active exited Uncomplicated firewall upower.service loaded active running Daemon for power management user@1000.service loaded active running User Manager for UID 1000 -.slice loaded active active Root Slice system-getty.slice loaded active active system-getty.slice system-serial\x2dgetty.slice loaded active active system-serial\x2dgetty.slice system.slice loaded active active System Slice user-1000.slice loaded active active User Slice of user user.slice loaded active active User and Session Slice acpid.socket loaded active running ACPID Listen Socket avahi-daemon.socket loaded active running Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack Activation Socket cups.socket loaded active running CUPS Scheduler dbus.socket loaded active running D-Bus System Message Bus Socket gpsd.socket loaded active listening GPS (Global Positioning System) Daemon Sockets rpcbind.socket loaded active running RPCbind Server Activation Socket syslog.socket loaded active running Syslog Socket systemd-fsckd.socket loaded active listening fsck to fsckd communication Socket systemd-initctl.socket loaded active listening /dev/initctl Compatibility Named Pipe systemd-journald-audit.socket loaded active running Journal Audit Socket systemd-journald-dev-log.socket loaded active running Journal Socket (/dev/log) systemd-journald.socket loaded active running Journal Socket systemd-rfkill.socket loaded active listening Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status /dev/rfkill Watch systemd-udevd-control.socket loaded active running udev Control Socket systemd-udevd-kernel.socket loaded active running udev Kernel Socket basic.target loaded active active Basic System cryptsetup.target loaded active active Encrypted Volumes getty.target loaded active active Login Prompts graphical.target loaded active active Graphical Interface local-fs-pre.target loaded active active Local File Systems (Pre) local-fs.target loaded active active Local File Systems multi-user.target loaded active active Multi-User System network-online.target loaded active active Network is Online network.target loaded active active Network paths.target loaded active active Paths remote-fs-pre.target loaded active active Remote File Systems (Pre) remote-fs.target loaded active active Remote File Systems rpcbind.target loaded active active RPC Port Mapper slices.target loaded active active Slices sockets.target loaded active active Sockets sysinit.target loaded active active System Initialization time-sync.target loaded active active System Time Synchronized timers.target loaded active active Timers anacron.timer loaded active waiting Trigger anacron every hour apt-daily-upgrade.timer loaded active waiting Daily apt upgrade and clean activities apt-daily.timer loaded active waiting Daily apt download activities systemd-tmpfiles-clean.timer loaded active waiting Daily Cleanup of Temporary Directories LOAD = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded. ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB. SUB = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type. 157 loaded units listed. Pass --all to see loaded but inactive units, too. To show all installed unit files use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
Mandatory Access Control MAC[edit]
AppArmor[edit]
AppArmor apparently not installed.
root@astra:~# aa-status bash: aa-status: command not found root@astra:~# which aa-status root@astra:~# root@astra:~# dpkg -l | grep apparmor ii libapparmor1:amd64 2.11.0-3+deb9u2 amd64 changehat AppArmor library root@astra:~#
SELinux[edit]
SELinux apparently not installed.
root@astra:~# semanage bash: semanage: command not found root@astra:~#
Next.
root@astra:~# dpkg -l | grep selinux ii libselinux1:amd64 2.6-3 amd64 SELinux runtime shared libraries
Smack[edit]
Smack apparently not installed.
user@astra:~$ dpkg -l | grep -i smack user@astra:~$
root@astra:~# smackload bash: smackload: command not found
tomoyo[edit]
Tomoyo apparently not installed.
root@astra:~# dpkg -l | grep tomoyo root@astra:~#
root@astra:~# /usr/sbin/tomoyo-auditd bash: /usr/sbin/tomoyo-auditd: No such file or directory root@astra:~#
firejail[edit]
Installed.
dpkg -l | grep firejail ii firejail 0.9.44.8-2 amd64 sandbox to restrict the application environment
bubblewrap[edit]
Not installed.
root@astra:~# dpkg -l | grep bubblewrap root@astra:~#
Other Mandatory Access Control MAC installed?[edit]
?
sudoers[edit]
It edits /etc/sudoers instead of dropping snippets into /etc/sudoers.d for enabling passwordless sudo. This is not following practices. When sudo package is updated and /etc/sudoers changed by upstream, it will show an dpkg interactive conflict resolution dialog. And even if astra linux forked the package and prevents this, this results in them carrying the maintenance load of that diff.
wormhole installation hint[edit]
sudo apt install python-pip
sudo pip install magic-wormhole
wormhole send /path/to/filename
Number of Developers[edit]
Unknown. Trying to guess. Looking at cat /var/lib/dpkg/status | grep @rusbitech | sort --unique showing 20 different full names.
Questions[edit]
- How can I ELF sign binaries?
- Can Astra Special Edition be updated through an online APT repository?
Footnotes[edit]
Kicksecure
A secure by default operating system with the latest security research in place.
A secure by default operating system with the latest security research in place.
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